Chronic Kidney Disease in Bone and Mineral Disorder

The patient with Chorine Kidney Disease (CKD) represents on entreme model for arteriosclerosis . Vascular calcification and bone disorders, all of which are also associated with ageing in the general population. As the GFR loss aggavates, the disturbed mineral metabolism worsens the bone microstructure and remodelling - scenario, which is known as CKD-Mineral bone disease (MBD). CKD-MBD is characterized by: (1) abnormal metabolism of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), or Vitamin D, (2) abnormalities in bone turnover, mineralization, volume linear growth or strength, (3) soft-tissue calcifications, either vascular or extra-osseous. CKD should be regarded as an atypical disease in which both traditional and novel cardiovascular risk factors have effects on outcome. But CKD can also be viewed conceptually as an accelerator of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Findings from research into mineral bone disorder associated with CKD (CKD-MBD) could help the medical community to better understand the vascular actions of certain molecules such as phosphates, fibroblast growth factor 23, parathyroid hormone, sclerostin, or vitamin D and their relevance to the management of different pathologies in the general population. Thus, achieving a better understanding of CKD-MBDs could provide substantial insight into future treatment for arteriosclerosis and osteoporosis, which are strongly associated with ageing and morbidity in the general population.