SPECIFICITY OF THE VISUAL PERCEPTION AND THE THINKING PROCESS IMPAIRMENTS IN THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE MAGNO- AND PARVOCELLULAR NEURONAL SYSTEMS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

The article examines the relationship between cognitive processes of perception and thinking in schizophrenia. An analysis of the functional state of the magnocellular and parvocellular visual systems, the specificity of their interaction was carried out. New data were obtained on the relationship between the mechanisms of global and local analysis of visual information and cognitive impairments in schizophrenia. The contribution of magnocellular and parvocellular systems (mechanisms of global and local analysis) in the implementation of the thinking processes has been discovered. It has been established that the activity of the magnocellular system is associated with the processes of abstraction and generalization. However, hyperactivation of the magnocellular system leads to a violation of the selectivity and goal setting in the thinking process. A decrease in the activity of the parvocellular system in patients with schizophrenia leads to distortions of the generalization process, an increase in the number of «latent» signs in the thinking process. The study obtained results that allow us to state that early sensory deficits are closely interrelated with the level and nature of the functioning of more highly organized cognitive processes. Sensory deficits identified in schizophrenia lead to higher-level cognitive deficits and are a key link in the structure of neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia.