ANALYSIS OF INCIDENCE AND SURVIVAL OF CHILDREN WITH BONE SARCOMAS IN CHELYABINSK REGION (01.01.2010-31.12.2020)

Relevance. Malignant bone tumors in children occupy up to 10% of all solid neoplasms, second only to tumors of the central nervous system, and most often affect the most socially significant contingent of the population – children, adolescents, young people. The most common malignant tumors include osteosarcoma and tumors of the Ewing sarcoma family. The disease in children is more malignant than in adults, and is characterized by an extremely aggressive course: it often recurs and quickly metastasizes, does not respond well to various methods of treatment, and often requires severe crippling surgical interventions. Purpose of the study. Analysis of the incidence and survival rate of children with bone sarcomas in the Chelyabinsk region for the period from 01.01.2010 to 31.12.2020. Materials and methods. A sample from the register of malignant neoplasms of childhood and registers CRCCH of dispensary patients in the office of a pediatric oncologist of the consultative polyclinic of the from 01.01.2010 to 31.12.2020 was analyzed. Information was obtained on 54 patients aged 0 to 17 years. Research results and discussion. For the period from 01.01.2010 to 31.12.2020, 54 patients with malignant neoplasms of the skeletal system were identified, of which 26 (48.1%) with Ewing's sarcoma, 25 (46.3%) with osteosarcoma, 3 (5.6%) with chondrosarcoma. The frequency of occurrence is approximately 1:1. Each year, a different number of newly diagnosed children with malignant neoplasms of the skeletal system was recorded, it ranged from 1 to 9, the average for 2010-2020 – 5 patients per year (M ± m = 5 ± 4). The gender ratio of M:F in the group of Ewing sarcomas was 1:1, in the group of osteosarcomas, boys predominated, the ratio of M:F was 1,5 :1. In the age structure of clinical group I (SE), the cohort of children aged 11 to 14 prevailed. In the II clinical group (OS), the older age prevailed from 15 to 17 years. The total number of survivors in the study cohort (n = 54) for the period 2010-2020 at the Chelyabinsk Regional Oncohematological Center for Children and Adolescents named after Professor V. I. Gerain CRCCH made up 35 (64.8%) patients. For 11 years, death in children with malignant bone neoplasms occurred in 20 (37%) patients. In group I (SE), 17 out of 26 patients survived, which amounted to 65.4%, in group II (OS), 15 out of 25 patients survived, which also amounted to 60%. Conclusions. As a result of the study, it was found that for the period from January 2010 to December 2020, 54 patients with malignant neoplasms of the skeletal system were identified. The average incidence of malignant neoplasms of the skeletal system in children of the Chelyabinsk region for 11 years was 0.65 per 100 thousand of the child population per year. The peak incidence of Ewing's sarcoma falls on the age period from 11 to 14 years, osteosarcoma – from 15 to 17 years. The analysis of clinical characteristics showed that the groups were predominantly advanced stages of the disease. The total number of survivors in the study cohort (n = 54) for the period 2010-2020. in the Chelyabinsk regional oncohematological center for children and adolescents named after Professor V. I. Gerain of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution CHODKB there were 35 (64.8%) patients. For 11 years, death in children with malignant bone neoplasms occurred in 20 (37%) patients.