Design and Implementation of a 12v Automatic Battery Charger

Despite the fact most modern electrical appliances receive their power directly from the utility grid, a growing number of devices require electrical power from batteries in order to achieve greater mobility and convenience. Also the sudden failure of vehicle charging systems often gives rise to drain of battery cell. Rechargeable batteries store electricity from the grid for later use and can be conveniently recharged when their energy has been drained. Thus, the objective of this paper is to design and construct an effective automatic battery charger for efficient and sustained power optimization. The designed device consists of a circuit which perform charging, a circuit for current reverse protection, and a circuit displaying battery charge level during or resting state of charging. This particular charger has an inbuilt protection unit and is fully automatic to protect the battery from being over charged as overcharging damages the battery plate. The Fully-charge control monitors the fully charged condition of the cell or battery when the battery has charged up to 13.5volts. At this level, the battery is fully charged and is automatically disconnected. The design is simulated by proteus simulation software, and the prototype of the battery charger has been implemented; and results from its operational test are satisfactory. Adequate care has been taken in its design and construction to ensure that the resultant battery charger is both reliable and easy to use.