DEDE KORKUT’UN ÜÇÜNCÜ NÜSHASINDA GEÇEN OLUMSUZLUK VE YOKLUK BİÇİMLERİ

Negativity and absence expressions exist in all languages. People use both affirmative and negative expressions together while expressing their feelings and opinions. It is generally accepted that everything positive exists with its opposite. Just as all affirmative sentences have an opposite irony, every sentence with irony has an opposite sentence. There is necessarily a category of negativity and absence in every language since the concept of negativity and absence is a phenomenon that always exists in human life and in the universe. However, these categories may vary according to the structures of the languages and the language family they are in. Moreover, a situation which seems good-nice-tolerant in one society due to its culture, belief and social differences may not be welcome in another society, and this may create a connotation of negation. It is known that negativity and absence expressions are used in every period of Turkish Language. The expression of negativity and absence in Turkish is provided with affixes, words and word groups. Negativity and absence, as a concept that is present in all languages, are at the forefront of the issues that have been emphasized in linguistics studies in recent years. From this point of view, the forms of negativity and absence used in the third copy of Dede Korkut are evaluated from different perspectives in this study. In addition, comparisons were made with the negativity and absence markers in the other copies of Dede Korkut (Dresden and Vatican) while the negativity and absence markers in the third copy were given. Similarities and differences are given with example sentences found in the texts.