A review of the fractal geometry in structural elements

Fractal geometry is a secret language nature follows to grow, to face unknown challenges, and to bloom and blossom with optimal energy. The fractal property of self-similarity, fractional dimensionality, optimality, and innovative fractal patterns, attracted the author(s) to pose the question, what could be the direct relation between fractal geometry and the structures? To inquire about the relation between the two, the work of Benoit Mandelbrot is referred to develop the understanding of fractal geometry and its relationship with nature. Simultaneously, research review is framed by referencing published articles, which explicitly discusses the fractal geometry and their application in structural forms. In addition to the above, a brief study about contemporary works and computational tools are discussed, which has enhanced the productivity, efficiency, and optimality of structures, architects, and engineers. This interdisciplinary research presents a brief overview of fractal geometry and some of its applications in structural forms. Concluding as The mathematics is a key language between nature and engineering. Fractal geometry gives us an optimal solution to the problem with aesthetics and architectural valued structures. Computational tools like machine learning, digital robotic fabrication, high-end modelling software's and coding, help to imitate, imagine and fabricate nature-inspired structures in an ontological, optimal, and sustainable way.