An Observational Study Comparing Prophylactic Pre - Operative Gabapentin Vs Granisetron for Prevention of Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting in Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgeries

Background: After laparoscopic abdominal surgeries under general anaesthesia, Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication. The study was done to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative oral tab. Gabapentin 300mg and Granisetron 0.04mg/kg, administered intravenously for prevention of PONV. Materials and Methods: a prospective, randomized, clinical controlled study was conducted for 1 and 1/2 years, on 60 ASA I & II patients of either sex, aged between 18 to 65 years, planned for laparoscopic abdominal surgery under general anaesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the two groups, group A (n=30), received oral tab. Gabapentin 300mg 1hour prior to surgery with sips of water and group B (n=30), received Inj. Granisetron 2mg I.V., 2min before induction of anaesthesia. Postoperatively, incidences of nausea, vomiting were noted and any need for rescue antiemetics over 24hrs after surgery were evaluated. Rescue antiemetic drug injection Metoclopramide 10mg IV was given in case of PONV score 2 or more. Results: Both the groups were comparable with respect to demographic features i.e. age, sex, weight, ASA grade, duration of surgery (pgreater than0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding overall incidence of nausea and vomiting in 24hrs. The incidence of vomiting once in 24hours was 3.33% in Granisetron group and 3.33% in Gabapentin group. The incidence of postoperative vomiting more than once in 24Hours (PONV score 3) is 3.33% in Group A and 3.33% in Group B. This difference is also statistically insignificant with (p-value =1). 73.3% in group A while 66.6% in group B showed complete response to the study drug. Haemodynamically there was no major changes observed in either group. Modified Ramsay sedation score was higher in Gabapentin group compared to Granisetron throughout the various time intervals in the study.