DETERMINATION OF DYNAMIC LOAD OF CARS WITH ELASTIC ELEMENTS IN SUPPORTING STRUCTURES

Introduction. The transport sector is an integral part of the development of the national economy. To ensure its smooth operation, special attention should be paid to the technical security of the railway fleet. Therefore, it is important to implement measures that will improve the operation of rolling stock. Purpose. Rationale for the introduction of elastic elements in the load-bearing structures of freight cars to reduce their dynamic load in operation. Results. To reduce the dynamic load of the main types of freight cars in operation, it is proposed to introduce elastic elements in their loadbearing structures. Due to the resistance of dry friction forces between the vertical parts of the horizontal sheets, under which the elastic elements are placed, and the walls of the U-shaped profile, the dynamic load of the load-bearing structures of cars is reduced. Mathematical modeling was performed to substantiate the proposed solution. To do this, a mathematical model is developed that takes into account the vertical movements of cars moving in the empty state by the butt roughness. The solution of the mathematical model is made in the MathCad software package. Research has been conducted on the most common types of freight cars in operation: gondola car, platform car, covered car. It is established that the proposed solutions allow to reduce the dynamic load of the load-bearing structures of cars in comparison with prototype cars: gondola – 35%, platform car – 15%, covered car – 20%. The movement of cars is assessed as “excellent”. Conclusions. The conducted researches will promote reduction of fatigue strength of bearing designs of cars, creation of corresponding developments concerning designing of innovative designs of cars, and also increase of efficiency of operation of railway transport.