Phytochemical and Antiinflammatory Properties of Etlingera elatior (Jack) RM Sm.: A Review

Background: Inflammation is part of the biological response that exists in vascular tissue to harmful stimulation. Using medicinal plants can help to treat inflammation. Etlingera elatior (Jack) RM Sm. is one of the medicinal plants. Objective: The review aims to present information from some research about the phytochemical and antiinflammatory activity of Etlingera elatior (Jack) RM Sm. Methods: The review provides evidence in the literature for the phytochemical and antiinflammatory activity of Etlingera elatior (Jack) RM Sm. from 2010-2021. The bibliographic databases were used as the primary sources of information (Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed). The keywords in this search were "Phytochemical or Phytochemistry" and "Etlingera elatior (Jack) RM Sm. or Nicolaia speciosa Horan" and "Anti-inflammatory or Anti Inflammatory." Five studies were included in this review according to the required criteria. Results: Phytochemical compounds contained in Etlingera elatior (Jack) RM Sm. dominated by flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids phenolic, and volatile oils which are widely distributed in leaves, flowers, stems, and rhizomes. Pharmacological studies reported that Etlingera elatior (Jack) RM Sm. shown anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting regulation of NF-κB-p65 expression. It can reduce carrageenan-induced edema in the soles of rat's feet and stabilize erythrocyte membranes. Conclusion: Etlingera elatior (Jack) RM Sm. is the potential medicinal plant to develop as anti-inflammatory therapy.