Drought Analysis of Batman Province with Various Drought Indices and Contour Maps

Natural disasters such as drought and flood along with global climate change, have increased in recent years. Therefore, there are many studies on drought and flood in the literature. In this study, they have been made drought analysis with various drought indices in Batman province located Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey which is generally an arid region in terms of climate. They were made analyses for Batman province with Percent of Normal Index (PNI), Modified Fournier Index (MFI) and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) that only takes into account the rainfall data and with De Martonne-Gotmann Index (DMGI) and Bagnauls-Gaussen Index (BGI), which take into account the rainfall and the temperature data together. 31-years of temperature and precipitation data between 1988 and 2018 belong to Batman province obtained from the Meteorology Regional Directorate were used in these analyses According to the analysis results, it was seen that the results of the five methods did not match exactly. According to the PNI; 23 years are normal, 1 year mildly arid, 5 years moderately arid and 2 years severely dry. According to the MFI; 4 years are very little rain, 18 years' little rain, 8 years' moderate precipitation and 1-year high rainfall. According to the SPI;1 year was excessive rainfall, 1-year heavy rainfall, 4 years' moderate precipitation,11 years lightly rainy,8 years mildly arid, 3 years moderately arid and 3 years very dry. According to the DMGI; 10 years are between semi-arid- humid, 21 years semi-arid. According to the BGI has been determined that all years are very dry. In the article, in addition to the annual analyses with the Standardized Precipitation Index seasonal analyses were also made. Contour maps of the analysis results for some methods were also visualized with the SURFER mapping program.