Green synthesis of CoFe2O4 ferrofluid: Investigation of structural, magnetic and rheological behaviour

In this work, we report the green synthesis of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles Ferrofluid by a modified co-precipitation method using Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) roots as a surfactant, which is eco-friendly, non-toxic, and inexpensive. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the purity of the spinel CoFe2O4 structure. The average crystallite size, strain and lattice constant were 5 nm, 0.01, and 8.39 Ao, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) results demonstrated an absorption band at a wavenumber of 574 cm-1, indicating the presence of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that the sample contains well-dispersed and spherical nanoparticles with an average particle size of 12.6 nm. The magnetic properties of the fluid are confirmed from the (M-H) hysteresis curve. The hysteresis curve revealed the ferromagnetic nature of the particles, and the saturation magnetization (MS) is 56.6 emu/g. The rheological properties were studied with a variable magnetic field rheometer. The results showed that the rheological measurements comply with the structural and magnetic properties of the CFO FF by a green modified co-precipitation synthesis G. glabra, which can be used for various medical applications.