Prevalence And Distribution Of Drug-Induced Gingival Enlargement In Urban Population - A Retrospective Cohort Study

Drug-Induced gingival overgrowth is a well-recognised adverse effect of certain systemic medications. Calcium channel blockers, anticonvulsants and immunosuppressants are frequently implicated drugs in the aetiology of drug-induced gingival enlargement. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and distribution of drug induced gingival enlargement in the patient population. Data were collected from the clinical record regarding, drug history and gingival enlargement.. Data were analysed to find out whether there was any significant difference in the prevalence of drug induced gingival enlargement with respect to different age groups, gender and the type of medication, using Chi-square test (SPSS software). There was a statistical significant difference in the prevalence rate of drug induced gingival enlargement in the age group < 30 years (p value-0.03). There was no statistical significant difference in the prevalence rate, between male and female patients (p value-0.37). There was a statistically significant difference in the prevalence rate among different medications (p value- 0.01). Prevalence rate of drug induced gingival enlargement was higher in patients under medication of phenytoin as compared to amlodipine and other drugs.