Effectiveness of Pit and Fissure Sealants Containing Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP) and Fluoridein the Prevention of Demineralization of Adjacent Enamel: In-Vitro Study

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of amorphous calcium phosphate and fluoride-containing pit and fissure sealantsin the prevention ofdemineralized of adjacent enamel compared with conventional sealants. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 45 buccal and lingual slabs of sound third molars free of cracks, or stains and demineralized areas. The specimens were randomly assigned into three groups; 15 in each. Box-shaped cavities (4 x 2 x 1 mm) were prepared on the buccal or lingual surfaces for the application of study's materials withinthe cavity in each slab. In the first group; Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP)-containing sealant Aegis®, andin the second group fluoride-containing sealant(Clinpro™) was applied,while the third group conventional sealants without fluoride(Helioseal® Clear) was applied. After the application of the material, two coats of acid-resistant nail varnish were applied to the tooth surface, leaving a window not less than approximately 1 mm wide surrounding the occlusal margin of each cavity.Then the specimens were immersed in demineralization and re-mineralization solutions.Microhardness measurements were carried out at the exposed demineralized enamel layer adjacent to the sealants, and also the sound area of enamel that is not exposed to demineralization. Results: Statistical results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between (ACP) and fluoride containingpit and fissure sealants, with regard to the amount and the percentage changes in the microhardness between the sound and the demineralized part of the tooth, while there were significant differences between pit and fissure (ACP) and fluoride containing in comparison with the conventional sealant. Conclusion: The amorphous calcium phosphate and fluoride-containing pit and fissure sealants have some potential effect in the prevention of demineralization of adjacent enamel.