Relationship Between Arch Form And Periodontal Diseases – A Retrospective Study

Objectives: This study was done to assess the relationship between arch forms and periodontal diseases. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a dental hospital with a sample size of 3022 subjects of age from 6-84 years old. The data variables including socio-demographic, type of arch forms and periodontal disease present were retrieved from our record. Results were analyzed using SPSS Statistical software Version 20. Results: Overall, there were 50.3% of U shaped, 32.5% of square-shaped and 17.2% of V-shaped arch. The V-shaped arch form was predisposed to periodontal disease followed by U shaped arch and square-shaped arch (p<0.05) which was statistically significant. In association with gender, there was a statistically significant difference between gender and periodontal diseases where males were more prevalent compared to females (p<0.05). There was found to be no statistically significant difference between dental arch forms with gender in which V-shaped and U-shaped were more common in females and square-shaped was more common in males (p>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that the V-shaped arch and males were prone to periodontal diseases. The study on the relationship of arch form and periodontal diseases helps in proper diagnosis and treatment planning among orthodontists and periodontists.