Association Between Right Upper Molar Involvement And Diabetes Mellitus In Subjects With Chronic Periodontitis

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by destruction of supporting structures of teeth. Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease which is characterised by increased blood glucose level and abnormalities of lipid metabolism, due to absence or decreased level of insulin. The progression of periodontal disease is influenced by factors like microorganism, host response, systemic background and genetic makeup of the host. The aim of the study was to assess the association of the right upper molar involvement between diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis. A retrospective data of all the patients reporting for periodontal therapy to Saveetha Dental College And Hospital was collected. The data was extracted from the patients records. Data segregation was done based on 1) age, 2) gender 3) types of periodontitis 4) blood sugar value 5) probing depth and 6) clinical attachment loss. After data collection statistical analysis was done in IBM SPSS software version 20. Chi square test was performed to determine the statistical significance. From the study 67.65% of males and 32.35 % of females with periodontitis had diabetes. The most common age group that was affected was 45-55 years by 44.12%. Patients with diabetes mostly were affected with generalised chronic periodontitis by 82.35%. Probing depth of 3mm was seen mostly in patients with diabetes and periodontitis (35.29%). Clinical attachment loss of 5mm was seen mostly in patients with diabetes and periodontitis (35.29%). Patients with periodontitis had blood sugar level above 200mg/dl by 55.88%. From the chi square test performed to determine the correlation between age of the periodontitis patients and the blood sugar levels, the P value obtained was 0.05 (p<0.05) which shows a positive significance. From the chi square test performed to determine the correlation between diabetic and periodontitis patients with clinical attachment loss showed a positive correlation with p value 0.028 (p <0.05), statistically significant. Within the limits of the present study it can be concluded that the most common age group that was affected was 45-55 years. The most common gender that is affected is male. Patients with diabetes were mostly affected with generalised chronic periodontitis.