Factors Predicting Diet Adherence among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review

T— Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the main contributor to disability and premature death. One of the most critical cornerstones of T2DM therapy is diet adherence. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the evidence regarding factors associated with adherence and non-adherence to dietary recommendations among T2DM patients. The databases including Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL complete, Medline were searched for original research of factors related to adherence and non-adherence to diet recommendations for the period from 2010 to 2020. Original research use the correlation statistical study, full text, and written in English language. Studies related to severe diabetes complications such as glycemic crisis that were excluded. In total, 1,121 articles were initially retrieved from the four databases and other sources. 13 published articles were reviewed; 10 met inclusion criteria. Factors including demographic (age, gender, educational level, occupation), self-efficacy; health literacy; social support and other factors significantly affect adherence to diet recommendations. Ten studies were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria. Adherence to diet recommendations remains an important challenge in diabetes management. Health professional's work with individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (e.g., diabetes educators) are in a key position to assess predicted factors for