Impact of Mining Exploration PT. Freeport Indonesia against Inter-Ethnic Conflict in Mimika Regency, Papua Province

PT Freeport Indonesia carried out mining exploration in Mimika Regency, Papua, for approximately 28 years from 1967-1996, with all its ups and downs, it seems that this company does not care about the surrounding community, so that the Amungme people as the owners of customary rights have made demands and protested strongly against PTFI on the basis of their customary rights. With strong protests from the Amungme community, in March 1996, PT Freeport Indonesia issued a policy aimed at improving the welfare of the local community. This concrete step was marked by the issuance of a policy of providing funds of one percent (1%) of gross profit, realized through various programs. With priority programs for human resource development (HR). In this research method, the type of research used by the researcher is descriptive research, where the type of descriptive research is research that describes the characteristics of a society. The data collection is in the form of observations, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that there are positive impacts as well as negative impacts from PTFI on local communities and Papua in general. The positive impact is manifested in paying attention to human resources, especially education, health services, skills training and people's economic development. While one of PTFI's negative impacts on the surrounding community is related to the physical environment, in relation to gold mining, PTFI disposes of tailings into the Ajkwa/Wanogong River as a result of disturbance to primary forest and sago forest and fish in the sea also die. Livelihood depends on sago and fish in the sea. In the midst of development, people always create war conflicts between tribes, due to lack of public awareness, low education, etc. so that individual problems that can be solved as a family but then involve many people or become collective problems then the conflict becomes big