THE REDUCING OF THE TEMPORARY WORK INCAPACITY (TWI) IN PROFESSIONS WITH NEURO-PSYCHIC OVERLOADING BY PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT

Psychosocial risks and work-related stress are among the most challenging issues in occupational safety and health. The impact is significantly on the health of individuals and organizations management and national economies. Around half of European workers consider stress to be common in their workplace, and it contributes to around half of all lost working days. Like many other issues surrounding mental health, stress is often misunderstood or stigmatized. However, when viewed as an organizational issue rather than an individual fault, psychosocial risks and stress can be just as manageable as any other workplace health and safety risk. For the organization, the negative effects include poor overall business performance, increased absenteeism, presenters (workers turning up for work when they are still sick and unable to function effectively) and increased accident and injury rates. Absences tend to be longer than those arising from other causes and work-related stress may contribute to increased rates of early retirement, particularly among white-collar workers. Estimates of the cost to businesses and society are significant and run into billions of Euros at a national level. Stress is the second most frequently reported work-related health problem in Europe. The authors make an analysis of the consequences of the occupational stress in an institution of Arad city, from the point of view of some indices which are required for the health state of the employees: the TWI index (temporary work incapacity), the structure index, the frequency index, the gravity index, the medium term index. They propose as a method to diminish stress and to increase the economic efficiency of the institution that the employees benefit from a psychological support reflected in cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy and elements of relaxation training. After the use of these methods for a period of three months the indices were calculated again and compared with the beginning situation. For the prevention, taking into account the type of overworking to the workplace are made annual, beside the periodical medical controls, also some supplementary examinations.