Planning Cities of the Future to Reduce Communicable Diseases

Urban health is the practice of promoting health among urban population by controlling exposure to agents of diseases. The research studies relation between urban health and urban planning, the topic also focuses on communicable disease. Communicable, or infectious diseases, are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi that can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. Some are transmitted through bites from insects while others are caused by ingesting contaminated food or water[1], The study also discusses about how the spatial area contributes to the spreading of communicable disease. The reason for the spread is due to high density, overuse of private vehicles, improper drainage facility, improper drinking water, collection of wastes and so on. The main aim of the project is to study the components in planning cities for the future to reduce spread of communicable diseases. A methodology was framed for conducting the study. Methodology includes the literature study conducted on the history and influences of communicable disease on planning and it also identifies the factors. Further study was conducted based on two case studies. First case study is about urban mission based on UHRC (Urban Health Resource Center) at Agra and Indore, India and second case study focused on sustainable development in planning of Curitiba, Brazil, 3 best practices were also studied, they are solid waste management in Chittagong, Bangladesh, ? Urban and transport planning, pathways to carbon neutral livable and healthy cities: A review of the current evidence? and ?San Francisco use of neighborhood indicators to encourage healthy urban development? followed by the kind of tool indicators to encourage healthy Urban living. Case studies were analyzed between national and global, followed by a comparative study that was done between best practice and tool indicators. Based on the comparative analysis, strategy and recommendations were formulated.