To Study the Effect of Postoperative Shoulder Exercise Program in Improving Rom and Decreasing Pain Following Open Thoracotomy

Thoracotomy is a major surgical maneuver, it is the first step in many thoracic surgeries including lobectomy or pneumonectomy for lung cancer and as such requires general anesthesia with endotracheal tube insertion and mechanical ventilation. Thoracotomies are thought to be one of the most difficult surgical incisions to deal with post-operatively, because they are extremely painful and the pain can prevent the patient from breathing effectively, leading to atelectasis or pneumonia.