The environment status analysis and the issues of emission neutralization in China on the example of the Beijing area

This paper is devoted to the problem of compensation for emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere. It shows the application of a comprehensive assessment of the emission concentration in space. An appropriate model of emission propagation is constructed depending on the type of a pollution source. The analysis is based on the data on emissions of pollutants in a specific area of the city of Beijing (China). Based on the analysis of the main stationary and mobile sources (vehicles) of pollution in this area, the authors have determined the gradients of emissions concentration in the atmosphere and the level of air quality during the day. Based on the analysis results, the paper proposes some approaches and design solutions to compensate for emissions based on the concept of constructing a closed system called Nature-Technology. Such closedloop control systems include means to compensate for emissions from both stationary and non-stationary sources of pollutants. The solution of the control synthesis problems according to the criterion of emission minimization in extreme sections of emission flows for both stationary and non-stationary (motor transport) sources of pollutants is proposed. The construction of closed-loop emission compensation control systems is associated with forming of an appropriate knowledge base. The knowledge base is based on the ontology components including the types of air pollutants and the ways to compensate for these substances. The ontology contains such concepts as the environment in which a person is currently located, a pollutant that is currently in the environment, and the current degree of compensation for sources of pollutants. In addition to the ontology, the knowledge base contains the rules that make it possible to conclude on the degree of compensation efficiency by the proposed means based on the environmental state including urban infrastructure or an enclosed space, and the type of pollutants (dust, toxic gases, or neutral gases). The ontology was developed in the Protégé editor. The web application for working with the knowledge base is based on JSP technology and the Java programming language. Based on the knowledge base, geographic information systems for data visualization and blockchain technology for registration and reliable storage of data are being built. The paper shows the prospects for the development of this approach for solving the complex problem of compensating emissions from both stationary sources of pollution and from vehicles.