BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA IN EXTREMELY PREMATURE INFANTS AND VITAMIN D SUPPLY: PERINATAL FEATURES
Journal: Journal of the Grodno State Medical University (Vol.20, No. 1)Publication Date: 2022-03-14
Authors : L. N. Sinitsa; N. S. Paramonova;
Page : 80-85
Keywords : premature infants; bronchopulmonary dysplasia; calcidiol; vitamin D deficiency; vitamin D supply; lung maturation;
Abstract
Background. In recent decades, many studies have been carried out showing the relationship between the development, severity, frequency of exacerbations of various diseases and insufficient supply of vitamin D. There is more and more data on the role of vitamin D in lung maturation and surfactant formation, which is very important for children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) which develops mainly in extremely premature newborns. The aim of the study is to establish the supply of vitamin D in extremely premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the perinatal period. Material and methods. We examined 75 extremely premature infants, determined the level of calcidiol in the blood serum at 1-2 days of life in all children, analyzed the maternal history of vitamin D intake. 38 infants developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (1 main group), the second group consisted of 37 premature infants who did not develop BPD. Results. We established the frequency of taking preparations containing vitamin D during the last month before childbirth (63.2% in group 1 and 84.7% in group 2) by women; and also the analysis of the received dosage of cholecalciferol was carried out: only 18.4% of women of the 1st group received vitamin D in a dosage of more than 1000 IU. The level of 25 (OH) D in blood serum in patients of both groups at birth was determined: 13.9 (6.4; 37.1) ng/ml and 30.6 (11.8; 54.3) ng/ml in groups 1 and 2, respectively, p=0.031. A negative correlation was found between the content of 25 (OH) D in blood serum at birth and the severity of BPD (rs = -0.39; p=0.013). Conclusions. The serum calcidiol content at birth in BPD patients is statistically significantly lower than in infants without BPD: 13.9 (6.4; 37.1 ng/ml) versus 30.6 (11.8; 54.3) ng/ml, p = 0.031. The median vitamin D content in children with severe BPD at birth was 8.5 (3.2; 20.9) ng/ml; with moderate BPD - 13.6 (6.4; 35.0) ng/ml; in newborns with mild BPD - 41.4 (16.3; 64.6) ng/ml, p <0.05. The vast majority of mothers of infants with BPD (81.6%) received vitamin D at a dose of less than 1000 IU.
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