El género Trichoderma en fincas de café con diferente tipo de manejo y estructura vegetal en el centro del estado de Veracruz, México

Background: Biotic and abiotic factors affect the populations and diversity of microbial communities in agroecosystems, such as the diversity of plant species, microbial competition, physical-chemical properties of soils, application of pesticides and / or fertilizers, as well as the geographic region. Objective: To compare the abundance of colonies, the richness and diversity of species of the genus Trichoderma in coffee plantations with different types of management and biophysical structure of the vegetation in the center of the state Veracruz. Methods: Trichoderma colonies were isolated from 5 coffee farms using the soil particle washing technique; the taxonomic determination of the species was carried out by morphological characters; for each farm, the abundance and richness of Trichoderma species and the diversity, fairness and dominance indices were calculated. The relationship between agronomic management and edaphic characteristics with Trichoderma populations was analyzed using linear regression. Results and discussion: For this coffee region, 87 Trichoderma colonies were isolated, within 12 different species, 4 of which had already been reported in the coffee rhizosphere. The abundance, richness and diversity of species were very similar in all coffee plantations, since no significant differences were observed between them. The abundance of Trichoderma species was significantly related to the management index received by the coffee plantations and the specific richness with the phosphorus content of the coffee plantation soils.