Pediatric Onsetneuromyelitis Optica: A Rare Case Report and a Brief Review of Literature

Neuromyelitisoptica (NMO) is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder for which the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels are the major target antigens.Descriptions of new clinical and radiologic features in seropositive patients have expanded the spectrum of NMO, and the term NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has been adopted. NMOSD is now included in a widening list of differential diagnoses. Aquaporin-4 receptor (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody testing along with MRI whole spine with brain is used for diagnosis and evaluation of neuromyelitisoptica (NMO) and NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD).