REINFORCING AND ENABLING FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE UPTAKE OF SICKLE-CELL DISEASE SCREENING AMONG COLLEGE OF EDUCATION STUDENTS IN NIGERIA

Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common hereditary diseases occurring worldwide, which may affect any organ or system of human body. Some studies have shown that the knowledge of SCD and genetic screening among unmarried youths is low in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. However, genetic counseling offers help and guidance to individuals who may have or are at the risk of having genetic diseases based on their genetic information, including their family background. Aims and Objectives: This study assessed the social support and enabling factors towards sickle cell screening and counseling uptake among students Materials and Methodology: The cross-sectional study was carried out among students of Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo and Osun State College of Education, Ilesha. Self-administered questionnaire was administered to 612 participants and 4 FGD was conducted in both study sites. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. Result: Most (60.9%) and (70.8%) of the respondents were female in both Emmanuel Alayande College of Education (EACE) and Osun State College of Education (OSCE) respectively and respondents aged between 15-30 years. Almost half (47.7%) of respondents in EACE and some (21.8%) of OSCE respondents have not gone for their genotype testing. In the OSCE, most of the FG participants were of the opinion that going for SCD screening is not common due to fear of the result and the effects it may have on them. Most (64.1%) and (69.8%) of the respondent from EACE and OSCE respectively said that support from health care providers is very important in influencing their uptake of SCD screening. In both EACE and OSCE, FGD participants highlighted lack of proper screening centers, distance of such centers, as well as poor attitude of health workers as factors that can hinder the uptake of SCD screening. Conclusion: The findings from the study revealed that almost half of respondents in EACE and some of OSCE respondents have not gone for their genotype testing. A greater percentage of the respondents stated the need for social support including support from health care providers, friends, families, religious leaders as very important. There should be a collaboration between governmental and non-governmental health organizations to facilitate the promotion of free genotype screening and promote access to genetic counseling in public hospitals for young people.