A Comprehensive Study of 3D- Bioprinting by Hydrogel-Based Bio-Inks

Biomaterials printing of three-dimensional (3D) type gives an excellent alternative in the production of allograft organs and tissues to overcome the incidences of organ shortages and donor scarcities. With the present shortage of readily viable and available organs for transplantation, the medical field is encountered with the shortage in supply and an increasing organs demand. In last decade, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering (TE) continue to give alternative methods for artificial organs and tissues. Current research presents those implying hydrogels as a bio-inks of cell laden type for the 3D tissue fabrication builds allows an immunogenicity lack, sine the bio-ink based on hydrogel is specific of patient and described from biopolymers which illustrate extraordinary biodegradability and biocompatibility, lowered rejection of organs, enhanced viability of organs, and increased the supply based on demand. Although enough evidence leads researchers and scientists to conclude the efficient and safe procedure of seeding biomaterials, cells, and biomolecules utilizing 3D bioprinting, there are several restrictions, that needs appropriate attention, such as integrity, strength of biomaterials, cost, and volumetric bioprinting, as well as multi-material and multicellular bioprinting. In this paper, we are providing the overview of various applications of hydrogels as bio-inks implied in 3D bio-printing. Moreover, article provides an efficient multidisciplinary application of hydrogel-based bio-inks.