Prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae Urinary Tract Infections and Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration to Common Antibiotics in Zanjan City Hospitals, Iran

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a type of bacterial infection that usually occurs in women more often than men. One cause of these infections is Klebsiella pneumoniae from the Enterobacteriaceae family, which is the second most common cause of UTIs after the other member of this family, Escherichia coli. This study aimed to determine the infection rate from isolated samples and examine effective and ineffective antibiotics against K. pneumoniae causing UTIs in hospitals in Zanjan, Iran. In a cross-sectional study between April and July 2019, we first started to isolate specimens from hospitals in Zanjan province in Iran. Gram stain and differential tests and disk diffusion antibiogram were done. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of selected antibiotics by agar dilution method were determined. According to the antibiogram patterns, resistance to amoxicillin was the highest (80.3%), and the lowest resistance was to nalidixic acid (14.5%). Among the used antibiotics, the highest concentration for MIC and MBC was linked to amoxicillin (MIC 128 μg/ml, MBC 256 μg/ml) and the low concentration was linked to meropenem (MIC 0.03125 μg/ml, MBC 0.0625 μg/ml). The results indicate that K.pneumoniae is resistant to most selected antibiotics and new generations of antibiotics should be used to treat infections.