Morphofunctional Peculiarities of Mast Cells in Burn Wound with Application of Collagen Matrix

INTRODUCTION: It is known from the literature data that mast cells (MC) promote suppression of active inflammation and the transition of the process to the stage of proliferation. However, there is still not enough data in the scientific literature on the morphofunctional peculiarities of mast cells in case of application of a collagen matrix onto the burn surface. AIM: To study the morphofunctional peculiarities of mast cells in wound burn regenerate in rats with application of a collagen matrix. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out on 21 male Wistar rats, which were divided into 3 groups (control, experimental, intact). In rats of the control and experimental groups, a burn was modeled. In the control group, the burn was left untreated. In the experimental group, after modelling a burn wound, a collagen matrix was transplanted onto the burn surface. In the intact group, the rats were not subjected to any experimental influences. As a collagen matrix, COLLOST® collagen absorbable material was used. To assess the dynamics of burn wound healing, planimetric studies of the wound surface were performed. To analyze the morphofunctional peculiarities of mast cells, their number and shape were studied, the degranulation coefficient (DC) and the average area of one MC were calculated. RESULTS: A decrease in the number, average area and degranulation coefficient of MC, as well as a decrease in the severity of the inflammatory reaction and a lag in the formation of granulation tissue in the group with use of the collagen matrix, were found. CONCLUSIONS: With use of a collagen matrix, the functional activity of MC increased by the 7th day, which was confirmed by a number of parameters: a decrease in the area of the cell itself and an increase in the number of degranulated cells. The application of a collagen matrix reduced the response to inflammation manifested by decreased leukocyte infiltration and formation of a smaller area of granulation tissue.