OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS: -A COMMON PROBLEM WITH INCREASING INCIDENCE IN TERM PREGNANCY AND ITS FETOMATERNAL OUTCOME

Background-Amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus is an important biophysical marker of fetal wellbeing. As per definition of liquor amnii, amniotic fluid index less than 5 cm is known as oligohydramnios. Oligohydramnios is commonly observed obstetric problem in term pregnancy which is associated with meconium-stained liquor, abnormal fetal heart rate, low APGAR score, NICU admission, birth asphyxia and increasing chances of caesarean birth. Objective: To study the pathophysiology of oligohydramnios and fetomaternal outcome in women with singleton pregnancy with AFI <5. Methods: A study of total 50 cases of oligohydramnios at term pregnancy were done over a period of 6 months. Result: In present study oligohydramnios with term pregnancy had incidence of 3.3%. 50% patients were in age group of 25-30. 48% women were between of 39-40 weeks gestational age. The associated complications were pregnancy induced hypertension in 30% patients, IUGR in 22%. 26% women were primi gravida and 74% were multigravida.42% delivered vaginally and in 58% of patients caesarean section was done. Perinatal mortality in this study was 10%. Conclusion-Oligohydramnios has increasing incidence due to increasing age of the patients and routinely performed obstetric ultrasonography in full term patients to know the amount of liquor and proper growth of baby. Fetomaternal outcome can be improved by careful antenatal evaluation and good neonatal care.