THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE ROLE OF «EMPLOYMENT» AS A FACTOR IN THE REGION’S DEVELOPMENT

The article considers the role and importance of employment in the region's development. The main theoretical concepts and approaches of scientists and researchers of the region's labor market are described. In particular, A. Smith, D. Ricardo, D. Mill, A. Marshall, A. Pigou, M. Friedman, F. Hayek, J. Perry, M. Feldstein, R. Hall, J. Keynes are taken into account, L. Libanova, V. Brych, O. Strishenets, K. Pavlova. Essential postulates of classical, neoclassical, monetarist and Keynesian theories are analyzed. The views of researchers on the definition of «employment market» are classified. Beliefs in the causes and content of employment as a factor in the development of legal, historical, psychological, and geographical schools are considered. Several causes of excessive unemployment have been identified, including psychological, historical, demographic, governmental factors, etc. An understanding of employment has been formed, which in its content is a complex socio-economic form and depends on certain circumstances. The characteristics of the concept of «regional employment market,» which is a system of established socioeconomic relations and interactions, form an appropriate environment between the state, educational and social institutions, employers, and labor in the areas of effective interaction of essential factors of production (means of production and labor) and expanded reproduction of the workforce (motivation to work, improving training and retraining, pensions, social security, etc.).