Study of Clinical Profile, Prognostic Factors and its Relation with Outcome in Patientss undergoing Emergency Laparotomy for Ileal Perforation Peritonitis

Background: Peritonitis due to perforation of the gastrointestinal tract is the most common surgical emergency all over the world. Perforation of terminal ileum is a cause for obscure peritonitis, heralded by exacerbation of abdominal pain associated with tenderness, rigidity and guarding, most pronounced over right iliac fossa. However, for many patients in a severe toxic state, there may be obscure clinical features with resultant delays in diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention. Method: Study was carried out in the department of general surgery, Swaroop rani Nehru hospital,associated with MLN medical college Prayagraj, from Dec 2020- Dec 2021 of was carried out in the department of general surgery. Result: In present study, 37.14% of patients did not have any morbidity. 14.29% of patients had wound dehiscence and wound infection each followed by basal atelectasis (12.86%), dyselectrolytemia (10.00%) and anastomotic leak (7.14%). Acute respiratory distress syndrome, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism was seen in only 1 out of 70 patients (1.43%) each.Majority (81.43%) of patients survived. Only 13 out of 70 patients (18.57%) died. Conclusion: Procedure done (Resection and anastomosis) significantly influenced the mortality in patients with ileal perforation as compared with other procedures. More than half of the patients had developed morbidity, wound dehiscence and wound infection were the commonest followed by basal atelectasis, dyselectrolytemia and anastomotic leak. Majority of the patients have survived, MODS being most common cause of death, followed by sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome.