Review on Natural Dye and Methods of Dye Extraction from Natural Sources

The commonly available dyes which are synthetically produced are toxic and harmful for humankind. These dyes when used on textiles, results in skin diseases and disorders like allergy, skin rashes, and even cancer in some cases. Hence the demand for alternative dyes which does not cause any side effects rose. This led to extraction of dyes from natural sources like plants, insects and even from certain minerals. Dyes extracted from plant source (bark, flowers, leaves and fruits) are more preferable than other natural sources in textile industry. Most of the natural dyes which are extracted from plants had shown notable fastness property and also exhibits some special properties such as anti-microbial, less toxicity and less allergenic character when compared to synthetic dyes. Natural dyes also provide comparatively more UV protection than synthetic dyes. This review is aimed to focus on different types of raw materials and extraction processes from which natural dyes are produced and different properties of naturally dyed fabric.