Knowledge Evaluation of Chronic Kidney Disease, its Risk Factors and Preventive Measures in a Health District in Cameroon

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global problem associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Due to its asymptomatic onset, patients are usually diagnosed late resulting in a poor prognosis. Knowledge of the disease, risk factors and preventive measures improves access to screening, diagnosis, early detection and prevention. We had as objective to evaluate the knowledge of the population on CKD in the Biyem-Assi Health District. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study; targeting persons above 16years, selected at household level using a stratified-cluster-random-sampling method. Data collection took 6months, using a structured and anonymous questionnaire, analyzed by estimating at 95% CI, and proportions of participants' awareness, risk factors and preventive measures. Results: Out of 550 participants, 467 responded a hence response rate of 84.90%. Fifty-eight (19.59%, 95% CI; 15.23 - 24.58) correctly define CKD. Nine (7.89%, 95% CI; 3.67 - 14.46) knew CKD is asymptomatic in its early stages. Only 9participants (5.84%, 95% CI; 2.71 - 10.80) and 40 (25.97%, 95% CI 19.25 - 33.65) identified painkillers and the association between high blood pressure and diabetes respectively as risk factors. Conclusion: Needed knowledge to ensure primary and secondary prevention of CKD is limited. Policy-makers need to plan and implement appropriate communication strategies as a response to this weakness.