Serum Magnesium Levels and its Correlation to Glycemic Control and Retinopathy in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disease caused by a variable interaction between hereditary and environmental factors. It is associated with a considerable mortality from a variety of complications, which tend to worsen over time and carries a significant premature mortality risk. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight threatening complication of diabetes mellitus and is one of the leading causes of acquired blindness in adults. Hypomagnesemia has long been known to be associated with diabetes mellitus. Hypomagnesemia has long been known to be associated with diabetes mellitus. This association between diabetes mellitus and magnesium is said to have a wide range of impact on diabetic control and complications. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of hypomagnesemia among non critically ill patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and to evaluate the relation of hypomagnesemia to glycemic control and retinopathy of diabetes mellitus. From the results of the present study, it can be concluded that estimation of glycemic levels and serum magnesium can help us predict the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy.