A Prospective Observational Study on Incidence, Prevalence Rate and associated Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department

Introduction: The gestational diabetes is increasing globally and shows serious consequences on both mother and neonates. Objective: To determine prevalence and incident rate and associated common risk factors of gestational diabetes in women attending government general hospital, Ongole through prospective observational study. Methods: A study was conducted in government hospital by taking samples after a glucose tolerance test performed in 385 women who are in their 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy and by using a well-designed Performa. Results: Out of 385 pregnant women 80 were having gestational diabetes where the prevalence rate is 20.77% and the incident rate is 17.35%. The risk factors we observed were Age (55%), BMI (50%), Family history of diabetes (22%), History of pre-eclampsia (26%), PCOS (19%), Multiparity (13%), GDM in previous pregnancy (16%), macrosomia in previous pregnancy (2%). Conclusion: By this study we observed that GDM usually caused by different risk factors like, Age BMI, Multiparity, PCOS, Macrosomia in previous pregnancy, Family history of DM, previous history of GDM, H/O of preeclampsia but Age and BMI are prone to cause GDM than others.