Distribution of the ABO Blood Group and Rhesus Factor among Cuttington University Undergraduate Students

Karl Landsteiner made a very vibrant discovery in blood transfusion in the early twentieth century. He showed that when you are cross-testing one blood sample with another, some samples would mix successfully without visual signs of feedback, on the other hand, others would react strongly, causing agglutination. He observed that the agglutination was due to the existence of an antigen on the red cells and an antibody in the serum, thus, the ABO blood group was introduced. The basic blood groups of ABO system are, A, B, AB, and O. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of ABO Blood Group System amongst Cutting ton University Undergraduate Students. Using the blood from a prick on the finger of each student along with the ABO reagents, we determined each student`s blood type along with their respective Rh factor. The genotypic frequencies of the blood types we also calculated in percentages and decimal points. The result shows that the O blood type is the most prevalent, followed by B, A and AB (i.e. O greater than B greater than A greater than AB). We further predicted the population?s genotypic frequencies using its allele frequencies in line with Hardy?Weinberg Principle. The result shows that, iigreater thanIBigreater thanIAigreater thanIAIBgreater thanIBIBgreater thanIAIA (ie. OOgreater thanBOgreater thanAOgreater thanABgreater thanBBgreater thanAA) in a population of 321 undergraduate students. The data further revealed that the Rh factor accounted for 98.8% Rh(+) and 1.2% Rh(-).