Propagation Modelling and Propagation Loss Prediction using Wide-Angle Split-Step Fourier Transform Algorithm in Rain Medium

In this paper, wide-angle split step Fourier transform algorithm was used in modelling millimetre wave propagation through rain medium with rain parameters such as rain rate, temperature, drop size distribution, drop radius and effective dielectric constant of rain drops. The split-step Fourier transform method is a range marching technique that is prominent in prediction of electromagnetic wave (EM) propagation in variable terrain and irregular surface. Here, we were able to estimate diffractive and refractive effects due to millimetre wave interaction with rain drops in rain medium using wide-angle parabolic equation (WAPE). MATLAB programming software was used to simulate the numerical WAPE model and plots of field profile versus range and heights shows that attenuation increases with frequency and angle of incidence. We also illustrate that free space pathloss increases due to interaction between EM wave and rain drops. Results obtained were consistent with existing theories.