Synthesis of New 1,3-Oxazole and 1,3-Thiazole Derivatives with Expected Biological Activity

The novel compounds were prepared to start from cephalexin in this work. It was converted into five-membered rings (1,3-oxazole and 1,3-thiazole). The cephalexin was reacted with ethanol absolute and hydrochloride at first to obtain compound (2), and in the second step, compound (2) reacted with thiourea to obtain a compound (3), then compound (2) reacted with urea to obtain a compound (4); when compound (4) was reacted with 4-phenyl phenacyl bromide, we got 1,3-oxazole derivative from this reaction, also when compound (3) reacted with 4-phenyl phenacyl bromide in the presence of absolute ethanol, we got 1,3-thiazole derivative. The melting points of the synthesized compounds were recorded, the purity was checked by TLC, and the structures of the prepared compounds were identified by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectra. The biological activity of these compounds was tested.