Fertility Preservation with Gonadotoxic Cancer Therapy: Review

AbstractMalignant haematological conditions have recognized an expanded rate and require aggressive medicines. Designated chemotherapy, accompanied or not by radiotherapy, raises the possibility overcoming the disease, yet cancer protocols frequently associate long term gonadal consequences, for example, reduced or damaged ovarian reserve. The negative consequence is directly proportional to the types, doses, time of administration of chemotherapy, and irradiation. Moreover, follicle damage relies upon characteristics of the disease and patient, like age, concomitant diseases, previous gynaecological conditions, and ovarian reserve. Patients ought to be enough educated while continuing to gonadotoxic treatments; consequently, fertility conservation ought to be in the long run viewed as a first-aim procedure. This procedure is most valuable when performed before the beginning of cancer treatment, with the recommendation for embryos’ or oocytes' cryopreservation. If not possible or satisfactory, a few choices can be accessible during or after the cancer treatment. Albeit not supported by medical practice, promising outcomes after in vitro studies increment the possibilities of future patients to protect their fertility. This review means to accentuate the mechanism of action and effect of chemotherapy, particularly the one demonstrated to be gonadotoxic, upon ovarian reserve and future fertility. Reduced fertility or infertility, as long term outcomes of chemotherapy and, especially, following bone marrow transplantation, is frequently associated with a negative effect of recovery, social and personal life, as well as exceptionally diminished personal satisfaction.