FEM based design and performance analysis of 2-poles universal motor

Among various special-purpose motors, the universal motor operates on both supplies, alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC). In this paper, the design of special purpose 2 poles and 100-watt universal motor has been carried out by ANSYS Maxwell software. The focus is on using the rotor pole embrace factor as a design variable; the analysis is done with the help of the parametric approach based on several iterations. The different performance parameters have been taken into account for design analyses like efficiency, torque, speed, and flux density of air gap of the respective motor. Here, the flux pattern and characteristics of the motor with their respective curves was extracted. The electromagnetic analysis of the proposed motor has been analyzed with the help of the finite element method (FEM). Consequently, it is observed that the optimal model offers a significant enhancement in efficiency without bringing additional losses to the motor.