Accessing the prevalence of cancer biomarkers in suspected patients from northeastern part of Bangladesh

Early detection and/or characterization of cancer-associated biomarkers have revolutionized the personalized treatment approach of cancer to date. Therefore, this study was designed to access the prevalence of suspected cancer biomarkers from northeastern part of Bangladesh. A total of 892 patients' data were analyzed in a cross-sectional manner and the collection period was 2017 to 2019. An ELISA-based chemiluminescent microparticle immune assay was used to detect serum cancer biomarkers. An unpaired t-test was used to compare the independent variables. Data were clustered into four categories: group1 (10-17 yr, adolescent), group2 (18 to 35 yr, young adult), group3 (36 to 55 yr, middle), and group4 (>55 yr, older adult). Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was higher in group4 than group3 (8.422 ± 1.423 vs 3.884 ±1.15 ng/ml). Cancer antigen (CA)-125 is significantly higher in females with age > 35 yr (older and middle) than at age <35 yr (young adult and adolescent). No significant difference in AFP was found among the four age groups while sexual disparity has shown a statistically significant difference. Both males and females from group4 were showing a higher expression level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (96.94 ± 54.02 and 48.23 ± 25.45 ng/ml, respectively) though gender-wise test frequency was same. CA19-9 was high in group4 whereas no correlation was found between the gender variation. Thus, the study has shown that level of PSA, CA-125, CEA and CA19-9 were upregulated in older peoples, while AFP was higher in male than female.