Lexical and grammatical transformations in translation: a case of scientific and publicistic text in Russian and Polish languages

The paper is focused on the analysis of lexical and grammatical transformations in the translation of scientific and publicistic text from Russian into Polish. Taking into consideration smaller units within the text, the author insists that the main unit of translation is the text itself, because only with this approach the equivalence of the original and the text of translation is achieved. Considering the text translation peculiarities and problem areas of the book “An inconvenient past. The memory of the state crimes in Russia and other countries” by N. Epple the author urges to choose the strategy of functionally adequate translation, in which it is important to preserve and transmit the dominant message, even if the cultural differences are significant.