Asymmetric Decentralization and Paradigm Shift in the Development of Border Areas of Indonesia

The uniformity of management policies in local government in Indonesia hinders development for regions with special characteristics. The asymmetric policy is expected to accommodate the border area of the country that has been discriminated against in terms of development. Not only related to infrastructure and state security, but the human security aspect is also a common challenge, especially in providing education and health services which are the rights of citizens living on the border. Special treatment for border areas is expected to offer a new approach in border area development, especially responding to the region's limited capacity in terms of authority and finance.