THE INFLUENCE OF SMOKING ON INDICATORS OF LIPID PEROXIDATION AND OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION OF PROTEINS IN THE ORAL FLUID IN TEENAGERS AND YOUNG ADULTS

Abstract.It has been established that smoking affects the mucousmembrane of the oral cavity, both directly and indirectly -toxic substances enter the salivary glands with the bloodstream and are released with saliva into the oral cavity. Changes in the parameters of the oral fluid at the same time -components of the antioxidant-prooxidant system, oxidative modification of proteins, can be the first signs of the development of dental diseases.Objective.The goal is to study the state of intensity of lipid peroxidation and oxidative modification of proteins in oral fluid under the influence of smoking in teenagersand young adults.Materials and methods.The study of biochemical indicators (lipid peroxidation, protein peroxidation) of the oral fluid of 114 teenagersand young adults from 15 to 24 years of age, who were divided into groups: 26 people who smoke traditional cigarettes were included in the Igroup; in the II group -22 people who smoke electronic cigarettes; in the III group -23 people who smoke IQOS; in the IV group -43 non-smokers.Results.The assessment of the state of peroxidation of proteins in the oral fluid of the participants of the observation based on the level of TBK-AP and diene conjugates proved the existence of a probable difference between the indicators in teenagersand young adults with a bad habit and non-smokers.The analysis of the obtained data shows that there is a 61% increase in the number of TBC-AP in people of the 1st group compared to the people of the 4th group. There is also an increase in the number of TBC-AP in individuals of the II and III groups by 48% and 47%, respectively. The amount of diene conjugates in the oral fluid increased both in individuals of group I and in individuals of groups II and III, respectively by 29%, 17% and 15% compared to individuals of group IV. A significant increase in the oxidative modification of proteins was found in all examined smokers, compared to adolescents and young adults without a bad habit. Thus, at a wavelength of 356 nm, the level of oxidative modification of proteins in individuals of the I group is 3,7 times higher compared to the individuals of the IV group (p<0,05). In persons of the II and III groups, an increase in the level of oxidative modification of proteins was also found -by 2,3 and 2 times, compared to the persons of the IV group (p<0,05). At a wavelength of 370 nm, the concentration of products of oxidative modification of proteins in individuals of group I is 3.6 times higher compared to individuals of group IV (p<0,05). In persons of the II and III groups, an increase in the level of oxidative modification of proteins was also found -by 2,4 and 2,3 times, compared to the persons of the IV group (р<0,05). The study of the content of oxidative modification of proteins at the absorption spectrum of 430 nm established that it is 7.2 times more in individuals of the I group compared to the individuals of the IV group (p<0,05). In persons of the II and III groups, an increase in the level of oxidative modification of proteins was also found -by 4,6 and 4,3 times, compared to the persons of the IV group (p<0,05). At a wavelength of 530 nm, the concentration of products of oxidative modification of proteins in individuals of group I is 11,7 times higher compared to individuals of group IV (p<0,05). In persons of the II and III groups, an increase in the level of oxidative modification of proteins was also found -by 8,3 and 7,0 times, compared to the persons of the IV group (p<0,05).Conclusions.In teenagersand young adults who smoke, there are changes in the biochemical indicators of the oral fluid, namely, there is an increase in the processes of lipid peroxidation -it is determined by an increase in the TBC-AP, the level of diene conjugates and an increase in the concentration of products of oxidative modification of proteins.