Changes in the management of an educational institution: factors and risks

The functioning of any industry is impossible without constant development and improvement, which, in turn, leads to the introduction of changes. Effective functioning of any organization is impossible without systematic and long-term development, in which the process of managing organizational changes plays the main role. Some changes directly depend on decisions made in an organization, others are related to decisions made from outside, and completely other decisions are only predicted. All changes that were planned or not planned necessarily have consequences for an educational institution. The purpose of the study is the theoretical justification of the management of an educational institution under conditions of changes, the identification of factors inhibiting the process of their implementation. The research methods used are as follows: analysis, generalization, systematization, questionnaire. It was revealed that the characteristics of change management in educational organizations are: peculiarity of educational change; differences between educational changes; components of the educational process; functions particularity of innovative management of education. The study of educational changes is carried out with the help of special methods, including: the method of groupings, the method of modeling a management system of educational innovations at different levels, the method of ranking, the method of analogy in the field of innovations in education and their management. These types of educational changes have been identified: pedagogical, technical-technological, economic, social, institutional, political-managerial. Factors inhibiting the process of implementing changes in educational institutions were studied, namely: the qualitative and quantitative composition of the teaching staff, the number of participants in the educational process, the desire of the head of an educational institution to implement changes, the level of financial support of an institution. The following factors for the effective implementation of changes in educational institutions have been determined: psychological and financial stimulation of a team, motivation of the head of an educational institution and teachers, visualization of changes, constant monitoring, analysis of the implementation of changes and formation of a collective vision. The reasons that hinder the effectiveness of implementing changes in educational institutions are: lack of experience in implementing changes, low level of competence of the head of change management and inconsistency of changes with the requests of education users, external factors that affect institution's activity as a whole.