An Analytical Study of Surgical and Visual Outcome of Posterior Polar Cataract in Phacoemulsification Surgery

Background and Objectives: Posterior Polar cataract(PPC) presents as a dense, circular plaque with concentric rings zonular, sub capsular, polar, nuclear,sutural, total and membranous. Posterior polar cataract is an important involving mainly the posterior subcapsular and capsular morphological presentation of lens opacity. (1)It is a region. It has classically been described to have a “Bull's eye” or onion peel appearance. Ultra structurally, PPC is associated with either a thin and fragile posterior capsule with the discoid opacity being adherent to it, or posterior capsule may be congenitally deficient. Thus the risk of posterior capsule rupture is exceptionally high in posterior polar cataracts than other type of cataracts. The present study aims to evaluate the surgical and visual outcome of phacoemulsification surgery in eyes with posterior polar cataract (PPC). It also aims to observe intraoperative and post-operative complications of phacoemulsification surgery in patients with posterior polar cataract. Material and Methods: A Hospital based cross sectional analytical study was carried out on patients with posterior polar cataract at the Department of Ophthalmology, at a tertiary care centre. The study duration was between October 2019 to October 2021. Fifty-four individual eyes were identified with age more than 18 years and willing to be a part of study. Patients with complicated cataract, glaucoma, corneal opacity/corneal degeneration, ocular trauma, previous ocular surgery, retinal pathology and any other ocular pathologies were excluded from study. All patients underwent complete ophthalmological examination including visual acuity, thorough anterior segment examination with slit lamp biomicroscopy and posterior segment examination.Patients were posted for phacoemulsification surgery with posterior chamber intraocular lensimplantation (PCIOL).