THE HISTORICAL DIMENSION AND APPLICATION OF COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

This article aims to demonstrate the historical progression of madness and the applicability of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in schizophrenic patients. It is a narrative review comprising articles published in electronic databases, including Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Psychology Electronic Journal (PePSIC), PubMed, Research Portal, and Redalyc, dated between 2000 to 2019. Using descriptors such as "cognitive-behavioral therapy AND schizophrenia," "cognitive-behavioral therapy AND psychosocial," "psychosis," and "history of madness AND psychiatric reform," we found 153 works in the mentioned databases. Based on exclusion and inclusion criteria, we selected 27 materials to compose the theoretical framework of this work. The article presents the different meanings attributed to madness from a historical perspective, including the deinstitutionalization process and its respective outcomes in the implementation of public health policies in Brazil. Furthermore, we examined empirical studies that reported the employability of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as an interventional method, as well as the results obtained in symptomatology and quality of life of these individuals. The article concludes that psychotherapy has benefits in alleviating symptoms and improving global functioning and highlights the effectiveness of psychoeducation for family members as a key component in treatment