First Retrospective Analysis of 448 Pediatric Cases of Kawasaki Disease of Two Cohorts from China and Russia |Biomedgrid

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute multisystemic vasculitis of unknown etiology that occurs in infants and children. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria that include fever, exanthema, conjunctivitis, changes in the extremities, erythema of oral mucosa and lips and cervical lymphadenopathy. We investigated the clinical signs and therapy efficacy of patients with KD who admitted to our department. We reviewed 22 patients in Russia, with an age range of 2,5 months to 12 years. Moreover, 426 cases of children with KD admitted to the Children's Hospital of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (China) from December 2013 to March 2018 were selected and compared. In case of hospitalization within 10 days of fever we reviewed incomplete KD in 5 patients (25%). In 3 patients KD was finally diagnosed either after antibiotics had been ineffective or when other symptoms of KD emerged, in 70% of cases the diagnosis of KD was undoubted. There was also no doubt of diagnosis in all patients admitted to our department after 10 days of fever. 77% of patients recovered after one dose (2 g/kg) of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and in 23% of cases it was necessary to insert the second dose. Clinicians should consider the KD diagnosis in young children with persistent inexplicable fever to start IVIG treatment within 10 days to prevent development of coronary aneurysms.