Mutations of KRAS that Have a Profound Impact on Cancer Genomic Medicine Currently Being Pursued

The rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog RAS family of closely related oncogenes KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS are the most frequently mutated drivers of malignant transformation. Although the RAS family genes were discovered as human significant tumor genes 40 years ago, the RAS proteins have proved to be challenging targets in anti tumor drug discovery sotorasib was only approved as the first direct inhibitor of a RAS protein for clinical use in 2021. The downstream signaling pathway of the epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR mainly. EGF selectively binds to EGFR and triggers the receptor to form a dimer that activates RAS. RAS transmits signals from activated trans membrane receptor EGFR to effectors in the B raf proto oncogene BRAF mitogen activated protein kinase MEK extracellular signal regulated kinase ERK signaling pathway in the cytoplasm. The status of RAS proteins is a negative predictive biomarker for anti epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR therapy in metastatic colon cancer. Our studies revealed that splicing caused by the RAS mutations, which were considered oncogenic, generates unfunctional RAS family. Especially, Kirsten Rat Sarcoma KRAS silent variants are of concern to be a serious problem in genomic cancer medicine. Takuma Hayashi | Nobuo Yaegashi | Ikuo Konishi "Mutations of KRAS that Have a Profound Impact on Cancer Genomic Medicine Currently Being Pursued" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52703.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/52703/mutations-of-kras-that-have-a-profound-impact-on-cancer-genomic-medicine-currently-being-pursued/takuma-hayashi