A Short History of Skeletal Muscle Proteomics

Proteomics is the study of proteins using high-throughput techniques and relies on a combination of genomics, mass spectrometry and protein biochemistry. The human genome contains of approximately 20,000 genes that are transcribed into mRNA and then can be translated in to proteins Researchers can test hypotheses regarding individual mRNA or proteins using techniques such as Northern blots (for mRNA expression) or Western blots (for protein abundance). This ‘reductionist' approach, where biology is reduced to individual questions, has been the mainstay of biological research. However, data arising from hypothesis-led studies clearly indicates that biology is not organised or controlled by isolated events Rather, biological systems are organised as complex networks and multiple interactions occur to bring about physiological changes. Therefore, more comprehensive (eg ‘-omic') analysis techniques are required in order to advance our understanding of biological systems. The proteome is cell-specific and dynamic, responding on a minute-by-minute basis to changes in cell environment. Consequently, the proteome reflects the particular stage of development and current environmental condition the cell finds itself experiencing with regard exercise proteomics, report proteomic studies have mostly focused on striated muscle responses to endurance training, which are associated with health benefits underpinned by improvements in aerobic capacity. Over the past decade, researchers have studied the ability of proteomics analysis on skeletal muscle and the development of techniques. In this review we will point out some of the studies related that contributed to skeletal muscle proteomics